Uncertainty of axillary artery perfusion during surgery for acute aortic dissection

We treated a patient with acute aortic dissection, which affected the innominate and carotid arteries. Although the true lumen was adequately wide and cerebral malperfusion deemed unlikely, extracorporeal circulation through the femoral artery caused right cerebral malperfusion, and addition of right axillary artery perfusion was ineffective. Several minutes after innominate artery snaring, cerebral blood flow was suddenly restored and the clinical outcome was favorable. Axillary artery perfusion is occasionally unreliable and inevitably demands careful cerebral flow monitoring. A dead-end false lumen in the innominate and carotid arteries requires special caution. A dual-artery perfusion strategy permits innominate artery occlusion as an emergency measure against unexpected malperfusion.