Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

3.0K
Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
3.0K
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

2.9K
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
2.9K
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

610
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
610
Narcolepsy01:07

Narcolepsy

891
Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
891
Insomnia01:27

Insomnia

620
Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings during the night, and waking up too early without being able to return to sleep. People with insomnia often experience these disruptions at least three nights a week for at least one month. Chronic insomnia, which lasts for at least three months, can lead to increased anxiety, which in turn can worsen sleep difficulties, creating a cycle of sleeplessness and stress.
Multiple factors contribute...
620
Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking01:17

Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking

1.8K
Somnambulism, commonly known as sleepwalking, involves individuals engaging in activities ranging from simple walking to more complex behaviors such as driving. Sleepwalking typically occurs during the slow-wave sleep stages 3 and 4 early in the night when the person is not dreaming, contradicting the myth that sleepwalkers are acting out their dreams.
Factors that increase the likelihood of sleepwalking include sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption. Contrary to common beliefs, it is safe...
1.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Association between risk factors and 1-year mortality of physical and/or cognitive components of post-intensive care syndrome in patients with sepsis.

Medicine·2026
Same author

Effects of sleep, resilience, and hardiness on the psychological stress response of Japanese university students over the previous two to three days.

Sleep and biological rhythms·2026
Same author

The effectiveness and neurobiological actions of memory bias modification: a randomized controlled trial.

Psychological medicine·2025
Same author

Neurobiological effects of childhood maltreatment: Health consequences, recovery pathways and clinical implications for holistic care.

Advances in clinical and experimental medicine : official organ Wroclaw Medical University·2025
Same author

[Can We Change Negatively Distorted Memory? The Effectiveness and Neurobiological Mechanisms of Memory Bias Modification].

Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyu no shinpo·2025
Same author

Contextual memory bias in emotional events: Neurobiological correlates and depression risk.

Psychoneuroendocrinology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
06:23

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

Published on: September 22, 2020

5.3K

[Sleep disorders].

Hirokuni Tagaya, Norio Murayama, Yuko Hakamata

    Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
    |May 7, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Sleep problems like REM sleep behavior disorder and sleep apnea are linked to increased dementia risk. Further research is needed to understand insomnia

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Sleep Medicine
    • Gerontology

    Background:

    • Sleep disorders are increasingly recognized as potential risk factors for dementia.
    • REM sleep behavior disorder is a significant early marker for synucleinopathies such as Parkinson disease.
    • Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with cognitive decline and increased dementia risk.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the current evidence linking various sleep disorders to dementia risk.
    • To highlight the role of specific sleep conditions as early indicators of neurodegenerative diseases.
    • To identify gaps in knowledge, particularly regarding the relationship between insomnia and dementia.

    Main Methods:

    • Systematic review of existing literature on sleep disorders and dementia.

    More Related Videos

    Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Connection Between Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Symptoms in Depression
    04:33

    Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Connection Between Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Symptoms in Depression

    Published on: April 26, 2024

    1.8K
    Author Spotlight: Overcoming Challenges in Drosophila Sleep Measurement Using DAM System
    05:59

    Author Spotlight: Overcoming Challenges in Drosophila Sleep Measurement Using DAM System

    Published on: October 20, 2023

    2.9K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 30, 2026

    A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
    06:23

    A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

    Published on: September 22, 2020

    5.3K
    Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Connection Between Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Symptoms in Depression
    04:33

    Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Connection Between Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Symptoms in Depression

    Published on: April 26, 2024

    1.8K
    Author Spotlight: Overcoming Challenges in Drosophila Sleep Measurement Using DAM System
    05:59

    Author Spotlight: Overcoming Challenges in Drosophila Sleep Measurement Using DAM System

    Published on: October 20, 2023

    2.9K
  • Analysis of epidemiological studies and clinical observations.
  • Identification of sleep parameters associated with cognitive impairment.

    • Main Results:

    • Idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder shows a high conversion rate to synucleinopathies.
    • Obstructive sleep apnea causes reversible cognitive deficits and elevates dementia risk.
    • Reduced circadian rhythm amplitude and long sleep duration are associated with higher dementia risk.

    Conclusions:

    • Several sleep disorders represent significant risk factors or early markers for dementia.
    • Obstructive sleep apnea and REM sleep behavior disorder warrant clinical attention for dementia prevention.
    • The specific role of insomnia in dementia pathogenesis remains unclear and requires further investigation.