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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Personality Psychology
  • Alcohol Studies

Background:

  • The five-factor model (FFM) is widely accepted for describing stable personality traits.
  • Understanding how personality shifts during intoxication is crucial for alcohol research.
  • Previous research has not fully explored the FFM's applicability to drunk personality perceptions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the FFM as a framework for self- and peer-perceptions of drunkenness.
  • To examine the association between sober-to-drunk personality changes and negative alcohol-related consequences.
  • To assess the validity of self-reports versus informant reports of drunk personality.

Main Methods:

  • College student drinkers (N=374) and their drinking buddies (187 pairs) reported on FFM traits in sober and drunk states.
  • Parallel assessments were used to ensure rater agreement between self and informant reports.
  • Participants completed measures of negative alcohol-related outcomes experienced in the past year.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in all five FFM factors were observed between sober and drunk states, regardless of the reporter.
  • High agreement was found between self-reports and "drinking buddy" reports of personality when sober and drunk.
  • Low drunk Conscientiousness and low drunk Emotional Stability were significantly associated with increased alcohol-related consequences, even after controlling for baseline personality and binge-drinking frequency.

Conclusions:

  • The FFM provides a clinically relevant framework for understanding personality changes associated with alcohol intoxication.
  • Self-reports of personality during intoxication are valid and reliable, comparable to informant reports.
  • Specific FFM traits (Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability) when intoxicated are important predictors of negative alcohol outcomes.