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Related Concept Videos

Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation00:59

Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation

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Different physical properties of lipids and proteins allow them to localize and form distinct islands or domains in the membrane. Some membrane domains are formed due to protein-protein interactions, whereas others are formed due to the presence of specific lipids such as sphingolipids and sterols—for example, large proteins, such as bacteriorhodopsin, aggregate and create distinct domains.
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Fluid Mosaic Model01:19

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Scientists identified the plasma membrane in the 1890s and its principal chemical components (lipids and proteins) by 1915. The model for plasma membrane structure, proposed in 1935 by Hugh Davson and James Danielli, was the first model to be widely accepted in the scientific community. The model was based on the plasma membrane's "railroad track" appearance in early electron micrographs. Davson and Danielli theorized that the plasma membrane's structure resembled a sandwich...
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Membrane Domains01:18

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The membrane domains concentrate specific lipids and proteins at one place within the membrane, which helps in cell signaling, adhesion, and other critical cellular processes. These domains can differ in size, composition, function, and lifespan.
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Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins and β-barrels01:09

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In multi-pass transmembrane proteins, the polypeptide chain crosses the membrane more than once. The transmembrane polypeptide chain either forms an α-helix or β-strand structure. α-Helix containing multi-pass transmembrane proteins are ubiquitous, whereas β-strand containing ones are mainly found in gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.
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Introduction to Membrane Traffic01:44

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The ER, Golgi apparatus, endosomes, and lysosomes work in tandem to modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids. An integrated membrane trafficking network facilitates the back and forth shuttling of molecules within different organelles in the same cell or across the cell membrane.
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Mechanisms of Membrane-bending01:15

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Analyzing Dynamic Protein Complexes Assembled On and Released From Biolayer Interferometry Biosensor Using Mass Spectrometry and Electron Microscopy
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Structural biology of the membrane attack complex.

Andreas F-P Sonnen1, Philipp Henneke

  • 1Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, University Medical Center Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 117, 79106, Freiburg, Germany, andreas.sonnen@uniklinik-freiburg.de.

Sub-Cellular Biochemistry
|May 7, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The complement system

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology and Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The complement system is a crucial part of innate immunity.
  • It involves a cascade of serum proteins to fight pathogens.
  • The terminal pathway forms the Membrane Attack Complex (MAC).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of MAC formation.
  • To understand the role of MAC in pathogen membrane attack.
  • To detail the structural basis of complement-mediated immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of recent structural data of MAC components.
  • Investigation of homologous proteins involved in oligomerization and membrane integration.
  • Structural biology and biochemical approaches.

Main Results:

  • Detailed understanding of MAC component oligomerization.
  • Insights into membrane association and integration mechanisms.
  • Elucidation of pore formation in pathogenic membranes.

Conclusions:

  • Recent structural studies have significantly advanced the understanding of the complement terminal pathway.
  • The molecular mechanisms of MAC assembly and function are becoming clearer.
  • This knowledge is vital for understanding innate immune responses.