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Related Concept Videos

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

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Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
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Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

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Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH...
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Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy01:25

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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
Fundamental Principles of PET
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

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Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor,...
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Thyroid scintigraphy findings in 2096 cats with hyperthyroidism.

Mark E Peterson1, Michael R Broome

  • 1Animal Endocrine Clinic, New York, New York.

Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound : the Official Journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association
|May 7, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Thyroid scintigraphy in cats reveals most hyperthyroid cases involve unilateral or bilateral nodules. Ectopic thyroid disease and thyroid carcinoma are uncommon, affecting approximately 4% and 2% of hyperthyroid cats, respectively.

Keywords:
catfelinehyperthyroidismscintigraphythyroid

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Thyroid scintigraphy is the gold standard for diagnosing feline hyperthyroidism.
  • Limited studies have detailed scintigraphic characteristics in large cat populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize thyroid scintigraphy findings in a large cohort of hyperthyroid cats.
  • To identify prevalence of different disease patterns, including ectopic tissue and carcinoma.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective evaluation of 2096 hyperthyroid cats over 3.5 years.
  • Analysis of thyroid-to-salivary and thyroid-to-background ratios.
  • Categorization of disease patterns: unilateral, bilateral-asymmetric, bilateral-symmetric, and multifocal.

Main Results:

  • High thyroid-to-salivary (>1.5) and thyroid-to-background (>6.1) ratios were observed in 98.7% and 96.1% of cats, respectively.
  • Disease patterns included unilateral (31.7%), bilateral-asymmetric (50.6%), bilateral-symmetric (12.3%), and multifocal (3.9%).
  • Ectopic thyroid tissue (4%) and suspected thyroid carcinoma (1.7%) were diagnosed in a small percentage of cats.

Conclusions:

  • Most hyperthyroid cats present with unilateral or bilateral thyroid nodules.
  • Multifocal disease, ectopic thyroid tissue, and thyroid carcinoma are relatively uncommon findings in hyperthyroid cats.