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Cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic human immunodeficiency virus infection

Ricardo O Escárcega1, Joseph J Franco1, Bhalaghuru Chokkalingam Mani1

  • 1Temple University Hospital, Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Philadelphia, PA, United States.

International Journal of Cardiology
|May 7, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is linked to diverse cardiovascular diseases. A multidisciplinary heart team approach is essential for managing and preventing cardiac complications in HIV patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Globally, 34 million people were living with HIV in 2011.
  • Cardiovascular disease accounts for 6.5% of AIDS-related mortality.
  • HIV-associated cardiovascular disease encompasses various conditions like cardiomyopathy and coronary artery disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the spectrum of cardiovascular diseases associated with HIV infection.
  • To discuss the complex pathophysiology and multifactorial nature of these conditions.
  • To highlight challenges in managing HIV patients with cardiovascular disease, including drug interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review exploring HIV-related cardiovascular conditions.
  • Discussion of pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management strategies.
  • Emphasis on prevention and the role of collaborative care.

Main Results:

  • HIV infection is associated with diverse cardiovascular pathologies including cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, dyslipidemia, and arrhythmias.
  • Management is complicated by drug-drug interactions and treatment side effects.
  • Prevention strategies are similar to the general population but require careful consideration of HIV-specific factors.

Conclusions:

  • A collaborative 'heart team' approach involving cardiovascular specialists and HIV care providers is crucial.
  • This integrated care model ensures medication safety and facilitates goal-directed prevention plans.
  • Effective management and prevention of cardiovascular disease in HIV patients require a multidisciplinary strategy.

Keywords:
AtherosclerosisCardiomyopathyCardiovascular diseaseHIV

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