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What difference does a day make? Examining temporal variations in partner maltreatment.

Randy J McCarthy1, Mandy M Rabenhorst1, Joel S Milner1

  • 1Center for the Study of Family Violence and Sexual Assault, Northern Illinois University.

Journal of Family Psychology : JFP : Journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43)
|May 7, 2014
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Summary

Partner maltreatment incidents, including those with alcohol/drug use, significantly increase on specific days like holidays and weekends within the U.S. Air Force (USAF). These findings align with Routine Activities (RA) theory and can inform prevention strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Criminology
  • Sociology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Routine Activities (RA) theory suggests criminal behavior, including partner maltreatment, fluctuates with daily activity patterns.
  • Previous research indicates temporal variations in crime, but specific military contexts require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine temporal variations in partner maltreatment incidents within the U.S. Air Force (USAF).
  • To identify specific days or periods associated with increased partner maltreatment prevalence.
  • To explore the relationship between alcohol/drug use and temporal patterns in partner maltreatment.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a large clinical database containing 24,460 confirmed partner maltreatment incidents over 11 years in the USAF.
  • Development of regression models to predict daily partner maltreatment incidents, incorporating temporal variables (days of week, holidays, etc.) and control variables.
  • Examination of incidents involving offender alcohol/drug use.

Main Results:

  • Significant increases in partner maltreatment were observed on weekend days, New Year's Day, Independence Day, and Super Bowl Sunday.
  • Partner maltreatment incidents involving offender alcohol/drug use also showed similar temporal increases.
  • The proportion of incidents involving offender alcohol/drug use rose on New Year's Day and Independence Day.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support RA theory by demonstrating that specific days are linked to higher rates of partner maltreatment in the USAF.
  • The results highlight the influence of temporal factors and alcohol/drug use on partner maltreatment.
  • These insights can guide the development of targeted preventive interventions within military populations.