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Disturbed default mode network connectivity patterns in Alzheimer's disease associated with visual processing.

Lenka Krajcovicova1, Michal Mikl2, Radek Marecek2

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Journal of Alzheimer'S Disease : JAD
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients show altered default mode network (DMN) connectivity during visual tasks compared to healthy controls. These DMN changes may indicate early AD deficits and compensatory brain mechanisms.

Keywords:
Alzheimer's diseasedefault mode networkfunctional MRIposterior cingulatevisual processing

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • The default mode network (DMN) is crucial for cognitive functions, and its connectivity is often disrupted in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • Understanding task-induced DMN changes is vital for identifying early biomarkers of AD and cognitive decline.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate alterations in DMN connectivity during a visual cognitive task in individuals with mild to moderate AD compared to healthy controls (HC).
  • To explore the utility of psychophysiological interactions (PPI) analysis in detecting early AD-related brain network changes.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed to measure brain activity.
  • Psychophysiological interactions (PPI) analysis was used to assess task-specific functional connectivity within the DMN.
  • 15 patients with mild to moderate AD and 18 age- and gender-matched HC participated.

Main Results:

  • Healthy controls exhibited expected task-induced decreases in connectivity between the posterior cingulate and visual cortices, suggesting normal ventral visual pathway engagement.
  • Alzheimer's disease patients showed limited engagement of the ventral visual pathway, with connectivity changes primarily in the right middle temporal gyrus.
  • AD patients also displayed additional connectivity decreases between the posterior cingulate and superior temporal gyrus during task switching.

Conclusions:

  • Observed DMN connectivity alterations in AD patients during a visual task likely reflect disrupted visual processing and large-scale network deficits.
  • These findings suggest that PPI analysis of DMN connectivity is a sensitive method for detecting early AD changes and tracking disease progression.