Cytological and morphometric study of urinary epithelial cells with histopathological correlation

This study has been done to asses the utility and accuracy of urinary cytology and morphometric study of exfoliated cells in early detection and follow-up of urothelial neoplasms and thereby help to reduce the disease-related mortality and morbidity. A total 100 patients with urinary symptoms were studied by cytological examination of urine along with morphometric analysis of suspicious epithelial cells. Immunostaining to detect CK-20 expression and p53 over expression was done in smears showing atypical cells. Histopathological confirmation was done in cases which were suspicious on cystoscopy. P value was determined by using unpaired t-test. Statistically significant difference was found between neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions of the urinary bladder as far as morphometry is concerned. Urinary cytology along with morphometry is an important tool in early detection of urothelial neoplasms. It is also helpful to find out the recurrences during post-operative follow-up period. Overexpression of CK-20 and p53 immunostain in cytology can act as an adjunct to the cytological diagnosis.