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Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...

Nephrons

Nephrons

The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma...

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

[Epigenetics in kidney diseases].

Imari Mimura, Masaomi Nangaku

Rinsho Byori. the Japanese Journal of Clinical Pathology

|May 8, 2014

Summary

Chronic hypoxia drives kidney disease by altering gene expression. Hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF1) epigenetically regulates glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3) via KDM3A, offering new therapeutic targets for kidney disease.

Area of Science:

Epigenetics
Molecular Biology
Nephrology

Context:

Chronic hypoxia in the kidney tubulointerstitium is a key driver of irreversible kidney disease.
Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) is a master transcriptional regulator activated under low-oxygen conditions.
HIF1 has been implicated in organizing histone-modifying enzymes, suggesting epigenetic roles.

Purpose:

To elucidate the epigenetic mechanisms by which HIF1 regulates gene expression under hypoxia.
To perform genome-wide analysis of HIF1-binding sites and identify downstream target genes.
To investigate the role of HIF1 and histone demethylases in regulating gene expression in chronic hypoxia.

Summary:

Genome-wide analysis (ChIP-seq) revealed HIF1 binds to promoter and enhancer regions.

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Last Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

Using 2-Photon Microscopy to Quantify the Effects of Chronic Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction on Glomerular Processes

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Published on: March 4, 2022

Identification of the Source of Secreted Proteins in the Kidney by Brefeldin A Injection

Identification of the Source of Secreted Proteins in the Kidney by Brefeldin A Injection

Published on: November 10, 2021

HIF1 epigenetically regulates SLC2A3 (GLUT3) expression via KDM3A (lysine specific demethylase 3A) under hypoxia.

KDM3A is recruited in an HIF1-dependent manner to demethylate H3K9me2 at the SLC2A3 locus, up-regulating its expression.

Impact:

Identified novel HIF1-dependent epigenetic mechanisms involving KDM3A and chromosomal conformation changes.
Demonstrated a direct link between HIF1, KDM3A, and SLC2A3 regulation under hypoxia.
Highlights the importance of understanding epigenetic regulation in chronic hypoxia for developing novel therapeutic strategies against chronic kidney disease.