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Clinical profiles and outcomes of acute aortic dissection in a predominantly Hispanic population

Haider Alkhateeb1, Sarmad Said1, Chad J Cooper1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, USA.

Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research
|May 8, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Acute aortic dissection (AAD) disproportionately affects Hispanic women, who often have untreated hypertension. Improved prevention and timely treatment are crucial for better outcomes in this high-risk group.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a critical condition with significant mortality.
  • Understanding AAD in diverse populations, like the Hispanic community, is vital for targeted interventions.
  • Hypertension is a major risk factor for AAD, necessitating investigation into its management within specific ethnic groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with AAD in a predominantly Hispanic population.
  • To investigate the prevalence and management of hypertension in Hispanic patients diagnosed with AAD.
  • To identify factors associated with AAD and in-hospital mortality within this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • A single-center, retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted.
  • Data from 59 patients admitted with AAD over a 10-year period were analyzed.
  • Clinical profiles, treatment data, and outcomes were compared between Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients.

Main Results:

  • Hispanic patients with AAD were more frequently female, older, and presented with more comorbidities like dyslipidemia, coronary artery disease, hypertension, and diabetes.
  • A significant proportion of patients (70.2%) had hypertension, yet only 52.5% were treated, with suboptimal blood pressure control in many.
  • In-hospital mortality (17%) was linked to elevated creatinine levels, while longer hospital stays correlated with older age and higher cardiac enzyme levels.

Conclusions:

  • Hispanic patients exhibit distinct clinical profiles for AAD, often presenting with more cardiovascular risk factors.
  • Under-treatment of hypertension and underutilization of beta-blockers in the acute setting were observed in this population.
  • Enhanced preventive strategies and prompt medical management are essential to improve AAD outcomes in the Hispanic community.
Abstract

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