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Related Concept Videos

Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

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Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
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Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

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Nuclear Localization Signals and Import01:46

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Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry short stretches of amino acid sequences called the nuclear localization signal or NLS. Classical nuclear localization signals are of two types: monopartite and bipartite NLS. Monopartite classical NLS (cNLS) consists of a single cluster of 4-8 amino acids. Bipartite cNLS consists of two clusters of  2-3 amino acids and a 9-12 residue long proline-rich linker bridging the two clusters. Signal clusters are rich in positively charged amino acids such as...
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Nuclear Export01:42

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The nucleus restricts several proteins within and allows others to pass. The restricted proteins possess a nuclear retention sequence or NRS, anchoring them to the nuclear lamins and preventing their transport to the cytosol. The non-restricted proteins, after their synthesis, are transported to their site of action, such as the cytosol or other organelles, with the help of nuclear export signals or NES.
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Nuclear Protein Sorting01:34

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Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
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Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

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Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
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Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Validation of a Mouse Model to Disrupt LINC Complexes in a Cell-specific Manner
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The plant LINC complex at the nuclear envelope.

Christophe Tatout1, David E Evans, Emmanuel Vanrobays

  • 1Genetic reproduction and Development (GReD), UMR CNRS 6293 - Clermont Université - INSERM U 1103, 24 avenue des Landais, BP80026, 63171, Aubière CEDEX, France, christophe.tatout@univ-bpclermont.fr.

Chromosome Research : an International Journal on the Molecular, Supramolecular and Evolutionary Aspects of Chromosome Biology
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Summary

The plant nuclear envelope

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Area of Science:

  • Plant cell biology
  • Molecular plant science
  • Cytoskeletal dynamics

Background:

  • The nuclear envelope is a critical cellular structure.
  • The linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex connects the nucleus to the cytoskeleton in animals.
  • Components of the LINC complex, SUN and KASH proteins, have been identified in plants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of the plant LINC complex.
  • To explore the potential functions and chromatin interactions of the plant LINC complex.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advances in plant nuclear envelope research.
  • Comparative analysis with animal LINC complex models.
  • Discussion of potential functional roles based on known protein interactions.

Main Results:

  • The plant LINC complex comprises SUN and KASH proteins, bridging the inner and outer nuclear membranes.
  • In Arabidopsis, KASH proteins interact with WIT1 and myosin XI-i, linking the nucleus to the actin cytoskeleton.
  • Evidence suggests a functional LINC complex in plants, though chromatin interaction remains to be elucidated.

Conclusions:

  • The plant LINC complex is a growing area of research with potential roles in cell division, nuclear shape, and chromatin organization.
  • Further investigation is needed to confirm chromatin interactions and fully elucidate the LINC complex's functions in plants.