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Soluble CD93 levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction and its implication on clinical outcome
Jong-Chan Youn1, Hee Tae Yu2, Jae-Won Jeon3
1Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
Insights
Soluble CD93 (sCD93) levels are elevated in acute myocardial infarction (MI) patients and predict mortality. Higher sCD93 indicates increased risk for death in acute MI patients, highlighting its prognostic value.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Immunology
- Biomarker Research
Background:
- Inflammation is central to acute myocardial infarction (MI) pathogenesis.
- The prognostic role of immune activation markers in acute MI remains unclear.
- Soluble CD93 (sCD93), a marker of immune activation, is investigated for its role in acute MI.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if circulating sCD93 levels are elevated in acute MI patients.
- To assess the association between sCD93 levels and clinical outcomes, including mortality, in acute MI patients.
Main Methods:
- sCD93 levels were measured in 120 acute MI patients and 120 matched controls.
- Clinical characteristics, echocardiographic, and laboratory data were collected.
- All-cause and cardiovascular death were tracked during a median 208-day follow-up.
Main Results:
- sCD93 levels were significantly higher in acute MI patients versus controls (552.1±293.7 vs. 429.8±114.2 ng/mL, p<0.0001).
- Increased CD93 shedding was observed in vitro upon inflammatory stimulation in acute MI patients.
- Elevated sCD93 levels were independently associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in acute MI patients.
Conclusions:
- Circulating sCD93 levels are elevated in patients with acute MI.
- sCD93 serves as an independent predictor of adverse clinical outcomes, including mortality, in acute MI patients.
Background:
Inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of acute myocardial infarction (MI). However, it is unclear whether marker of immune activation will provide prognostic information in these patients. We hypothesized that circulating levels of soluble CD93 (sCD93), a soluble form of transmembrane glycoprotein CD93, is increased in acute MI patients and its level would be associated with clinical outcomes in patients with acute MI.
Methods:
We measured circulating levels of sCD93 in 120 patients with acute MI (63±13 yrs, M∶F = 85∶35) and in 120 age, sex-matched control subjects. In patients with acute MI, clinical characteristics, echocardiographic and laboratory findings were assessed at the time of initial enrollment. The primary outcome was defined as all-cause and cardiovascular death.
Results:
Circulating sCD93 levels were significantly higher in patients with acute MI than in control subjects (552.1±293.7 vs. 429.8±114.2 ng/mL, p<0.0001). Upon in vitro inflammatory stimulation, increased CD93 shedding was demonstrated in acute MI patients but not in control subjects. During follow up period (median 208 days, 3-1058 days), the primary outcome occurred in 18 (15%) patients (9 cardiovascular deaths). Circulating levels of sCD93 were associated with all cause (p<0.0001) and cardiovascular (p<0.0001) mortality in patients with acute MI. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that initial sCD93 level was found to be an independent predictor of all cause (p = 0.002) and cardiovascular mortality (p = 0.033) when controlled for age and left ventricular ejection fraction.
Conclusions:
Circulating levels of sCD93 are elevated in patients with acute MI and their levels were associated with adverse clinical outcomes.
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