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Clinical severity of rhinovirus/enterovirus compared to other respiratory viruses in children

Sandra A Asner1, Astrid Petrich, Jemila S Hamid

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
|May 8, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Human rhinovirus/enterovirus (HRV/ENT) infections in children lead to more severe acute respiratory infections (ARIs) and hospitalizations than RSV or influenza. These findings highlight the need to consider HRV/ENT in severe pediatric respiratory cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Virology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Human rhinovirus/enterovirus (HRV/ENT) are common causes of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in children.
  • Limited data exist on the clinical severity of HRV/ENT infections compared to other respiratory viruses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the clinical severity of HRV/ENT infections with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza A/B (FLU), and other common respiratory viruses in children.
  • To assess the association between HRV/ENT and underlying conditions in pediatric ARIs.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of children diagnosed with single viral ARIs using molecular assays.
  • Outcome measures included hospital admission and a composite endpoint for inpatients (ICU admission, prolonged hospitalization, oxygen requirement, or death).

Main Results:

  • HRV/ENT infected children had higher rates of underlying immunosuppressive conditions compared to RSV or FLU.
  • HRV/ENT infections were associated with increased odds of hospitalization compared to RSV or FLU.
  • HRV/ENT infections showed increased odds of severe clinical disease in inpatients compared to FLU.

Conclusions:

  • Children with HRV/ENT infections experience a more severe clinical course than those with RSV and FLU.
  • Significant comorbidities are common in children with HRV/ENT infections.
  • Consideration of HRV/ENT is crucial for children with severe acute respiratory tract infections.
Abstract

Keywords:
Clinical disease severityhuman rhinovirus/enterovirusinfluenzarespiratory syncytial virussingle viral infections

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