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Cardiovascular sequelae of radiation therapy
Francesco Santoro1, Nicola Tarantino, Pier Luigi Pellegrino
1Cardiology Department, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71100, Foggia, Italy.
Summary
Radiotherapy (RT) can cause serious cardiovascular complications. This review details RT-induced heart disease, covering its causes, symptoms, and future strategies for prevention and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Cardiology
- Radiation Oncology
Background:
- Radiotherapy (RT) is a primary cancer treatment.
- RT carries risks, including secondary cancers and organ damage.
- Cardiovascular complications are a significant cause of mortality post-RT.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epidemiology of RT-induced cardiovascular disease.
- To examine the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of RT-induced heart issues.
- To discuss future screening, prevention, and treatment strategies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on radiotherapy and cardiovascular outcomes.
- Analysis of epidemiological data, pathogenesis mechanisms, and clinical presentations.
- Synthesis of current and emerging strategies for managing RT-induced cardiovascular disease.
Main Results:
- Cardiovascular complications are a frequent and serious sequela of RT.
- The risk and type of cardiovascular disease are often dose-correlated.
- Understanding pathogenesis is key to identifying clinical manifestations.
Conclusions:
- Physicians must be vigilant for early diagnosis and treatment of RT-induced cardiovascular disease.
- Further research into screening, prevention, and novel treatments is crucial.
- Mitigating cardiovascular risks is essential for improving long-term cancer patient survival.
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