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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Isolation and Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles Produced by Iron-limited Mycobacteria
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Mycobacterial Esx-3 requires multiple components for iron acquisition.

M Sloan Siegrist, Magnus Steigedal, Rushdy Ahmad

    Mbio
    |May 8, 2014
    PubMed
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    Type VII secretion system Esx-3 is crucial for iron acquisition in mycobacteria. Even minimal export of EsxHms and EsxGms proteins by Esx-3 is sufficient for growth under low-iron conditions, challenging previous assumptions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Bacterial Pathogenesis

    Background:

    • Type VII secretion systems (T7SS) are essential in various bacteria, including mycobacteria.
    • Esx-3 specifically facilitates iron acquisition via mycobactin in mycobacteria.
    • Esx-1 is known for virulence in pathogenic mycobacteria and conjugation in Mycobacterium smegmatis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of individual Esx-3 components in iron acquisition under low-iron conditions.
    • To re-examine the structure-function relationship of T7SS, specifically Esx-3.
    • To determine the quantitative requirements for Esx-3 substrates export for function.

    Main Methods:

    • Construction and analysis of various esx-3 mutants in Mycobacterium smegmatis.
    • Assessment of bacterial growth under low-iron conditions.
    • Quantification of Esx-3 substrates (EsxHms, EsxGms) secretion using targeted mass spectrometry (MRM-MS).

    Main Results:

    • Several Esx-3 components are individually required for low-iron growth, but MycP3 is partially expendable.
    • All tested esx-3 mutants, including ΔmycP3ms, failed to export EsxHms and EsxGms to quantifiable levels.
    • Minute quantities of extracellular EsxHms and EsxGms were sufficient for iron acquisition, decoupling robust secretion from function.

    Conclusions:

    • The relationship between Esx-3 protein export and iron acquisition function is not absolute.
    • Very low levels of Esx-3 substrate secretion can restore iron acquisition under specific conditions.
    • These findings necessitate a re-evaluation of T7SS structure-function dynamics.