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Antigen capture assay for detection of simian type D retroviruses in cell cultures and plasma samples
C C Tsai1, M Yarnall, K E Follis
1Regional Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
Abstract:
A rapid, sensitive and specific antigen capture (AC) assay has been established for the detection of p27 core protein of SAIDS type-D retrovirus (SRV). SRV p27 antigen in test samples was identified on rabbit anti-p27 IgG-coated microtiter plates by the addition of biotinylated rabbit anti-p27 IgG. This assay was specific for the p27 core protein of SRV-1 and SRV-2 and provided semi-quantitative results in less than 7 hours. Results of the AC assay were highly correlated with those of reverse transcriptase (RT), immunofluorescence and immunoblotting assays. However, the AC assay was faster and more sensitive than the other three assays. The AC assay also provided a rapid diagnostic tool for the detection of SRV in plasma, serum and peripheral blood lymphocyte cocultures. In addition to mass screening of SRV infection in macaque colonies, the AC assay also will be valuable for monitoring the efficacy of antiretroviral agents against SRV in vitro and in vivo.
Insights
A new antigen capture (AC) assay rapidly detects Simian AIDS retrovirus (SRV) p27 core protein. This sensitive and specific diagnostic tool aids in SRV screening and treatment monitoring.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Diagnostic Assay Development
Background:
- Simian AIDS retrovirus (SRV) is a significant concern in macaque colonies.
- Accurate and rapid detection methods for SRV are crucial for disease management and research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish a rapid, sensitive, and specific antigen capture (AC) assay for detecting the p27 core protein of SAIDS type-D retrovirus (SRV).
Main Methods:
- Developed an antigen capture (AC) assay utilizing rabbit anti-p27 IgG-coated microtiter plates.
- Detected SRV p27 antigen using biotinylated rabbit anti-p27 IgG.
- Validated specificity for SRV-1 and SRV-2, and assessed performance against reverse transcriptase (RT), immunofluorescence, and immunoblotting assays.
Main Results:
- The AC assay demonstrated high specificity for SRV p27 core protein.
- Achieved semi-quantitative results in under 7 hours, significantly faster than existing methods.
- Showed high correlation with RT, immunofluorescence, and immunoblotting assays, while being more sensitive.
Conclusions:
- The developed AC assay is a rapid, sensitive, and specific tool for SRV detection.
- It is valuable for mass screening of SRV infection in macaque populations.
- The assay can be used to monitor the efficacy of antiretroviral agents against SRV in vitro and in vivo.