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Related Concept Videos

Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

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A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...
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Sequence-specific Labeling of Nucleic Acids and Proteins with Methyltransferases and Cofactor Analogues
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Emerging technologies to map the protein methylome.

Scott M Carlson1, Or Gozani1

  • 1Department of Biology, Stanford University, 371 Serra Street, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Journal of Molecular Biology
|May 9, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Protein methylation is crucial for cellular signaling. New tools now enable precise identification and measurement of protein methylation, advancing drug development and understanding of the protein methylome.

Keywords:
arginine methylationlysine methylationmethyltransferaseproteomicssignaling

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Signaling

Background:

  • Protein methylation is a key post-translational modification regulating cellular processes.
  • Traditional methods for studying protein methylation have limitations in scope and precision.
  • Understanding protein methylation is vital for deciphering complex cellular signaling pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in identifying and measuring protein methylation.
  • To highlight novel tools for characterizing the protein methylome and methyltransferase substrates.
  • To discuss the application of these tools in drug discovery and systems biology.

Main Methods:

  • Development of methylation-specific antibodies and methyl-binding protein domains.
  • Advancements in mass spectrometry for residue identification.
  • Application of protein microarrays and chemical biology strategies.
  • High-throughput screening assays for inhibitor screens.

Main Results:

  • New approaches facilitate identification of methylated proteins and substrates.
  • Characterization of the protein methylome is enhanced by novel tools.
  • Improved methods enable system-level understanding of protein methylation.
  • Tools are applicable to drug development and inhibitor screening.

Conclusions:

  • Recent technological innovations have significantly improved the study of protein methylation.
  • These advancements are crucial for understanding methylation's role in signaling and disease.
  • The protein methylome can now be studied with greater depth, paving the way for new therapeutic strategies.