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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Focusing of Light in the Eye01:16

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Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
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Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter
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An update on postrefractive surgery intraocular pressure determination.

Wen-Jeng Melissa Yao, Alessa Sook Crossan

    Current Opinion in Ophthalmology
    |May 9, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) may inaccurately measure intraocular pressure (IOP) after refractive surgery. Alternative tonometry devices may offer more reliable postoperative IOP readings for glaucoma monitoring.

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    Ultrasound Cyclo Plasty in Eyes with Glaucoma
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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Refractive Surgery
    • Glaucoma Management

    Background:

    • Refractive surgery alters corneal biomechanics, impacting intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement accuracy.
    • Traditional methods like Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) are known to underestimate postoperative IOP.
    • Accurate IOP monitoring is crucial for detecting glaucoma progression after corneal procedures.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the accuracy of various intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement techniques following refractive surgery.
    • To identify IOP measurement methods less affected by laser ablative procedures.
    • To inform clinical practice regarding optimal IOP assessment post-refractive surgery.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of studies evaluating tonometry devices after refractive surgery.
    • Analysis of techniques based on their reliance on corneal structure and biomechanics.
    • Comparison of IOP readings obtained by different tonometers in the postoperative setting.

    Main Results:

    • Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) consistently underestimates IOP after refractive surgery.
    • Emerging evidence suggests techniques less dependent on corneal properties yield more accurate IOP.
    • Devices like Dynamic Contour Tonometry and Tonopen show promise for improved postoperative IOP assessment.

    Conclusions:

    • Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) may not be the preferred method for IOP measurement post-refractive surgery.
    • Alternative tonometry devices potentially offer superior accuracy for postoperative IOP.
    • Clinicians must recognize potential IOP measurement inaccuracies to ensure effective glaucoma monitoring.