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Pre- and postnatal exposure to tobacco smoke and respiratory outcomes during the first year

V Fuentes-Leonarte1, M Estarlich, F Ballester

  • 1Unit of Addictive Disorders, San Marcelino Primary Health Care Center, Valencia, Spain; Center for Public Health Research (CSISP/FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.

Indoor Air
|May 10, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Prenatal and postnatal tobacco smoke exposure significantly increases infant respiratory issues like wheezing and ear infections. Prenatal exposure showed the strongest link to adverse respiratory outcomes in infants.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • The distinct impacts of prenatal versus postnatal tobacco smoke exposure on infant respiratory health remain unclear.
  • Understanding these effects is crucial for developing targeted preventive strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between prenatal and postnatal tobacco smoke exposure and the risk of respiratory conditions in infants during their first year of life.
  • To differentiate the roles of exposure timing (prenatal vs. postnatal) in infant respiratory health.

Main Methods:

  • A Spanish multicenter cohort study followed 2506 women through delivery, with 2039 infants included in the final analysis.
  • Respiratory outcomes included otitis, persistent cough, lower respiratory tract symptoms (wheezing, chestiness), and infections (bronchitis, bronchiolitis, pneumonia).
  • Logistic regression analysis was used to explore relationships between tobacco smoke exposure and health outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Maternal smoking during pregnancy was linked to increased odds of infant wheezing (OR: 1.41) and chestiness (OR: 1.46).
  • Postnatal exposure, specifically from fathers, was associated with a higher risk of otitis (OR: 1.25).
  • Passive workplace smoke exposure for non-smoking mothers during pregnancy correlated with infant cough (OR: 1.62).

Conclusions:

  • Exposure to tobacco smoke, both prenatal and postnatal, elevates the risk of various respiratory problems in infants.
  • Prenatal exposure demonstrated the most significant association with the analyzed respiratory outcomes, highlighting its critical role.

Keywords:
InfantsPregnancyRespiratory tract diseasesTobacco smoke

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