Craniofacial imaging in orthodontics--past present and future

Area of Science:

• Dentistry
• Orthodontics
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• Craniofacial images are vital for orthodontic records, striving for accurate 'anatomic truth'.
• Current 2D static imaging balances benefits, costs, and patient risks.
• Limitations exist in capturing 3D anatomy and function with 2D methods.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review 3D imaging techniques for craniofacial structures in orthodontics.
• To explore the creation of the 'virtual orthodontic patient' using 3D data.
• To provide clinicians an overview of past, present, and innovative imaging methods.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on craniofacial imaging techniques.
• Exploration of 3D imaging technologies for dental and soft/hard tissues.
• Overview of commercially available 3D technologies (e.g., OrthoCAD, Invisalign).

Main Results:

• 2D static imaging is standard practice despite limitations in representing 3D anatomy.
• 3D digital models promise enhanced treatment planning, monitoring, prediction, and outcome measurement.
• Emerging 3D technologies aim to improve the depiction of craniofacial structures.

Conclusions:

• 3D imaging and virtual patient models represent significant advancements in orthodontics.
• These innovations enhance the ability to achieve and assess 'anatomic truth'.
• Future developments will likely further improve craniofacial structure visualization and analysis.