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Related Experiment Videos

Interpolating unipolar epicardial potentials from electrodes separated by increasing distances.

S M Blanchard1, R J Damiano, W M Smith

  • 1Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.

Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE
|December 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Linear interpolation of unipolar electrograms in cardiac mapping can be inaccurate with electrodes less than 3 mm apart. Accuracy depends on electrode distance and wavefront orientation, with reliable interpolation possible beyond 14 mm.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiac Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Cardiac mapping estimates potentials in unexplored areas using interpolation from nearest electrodes.
  • Current methods often disregard electrode distance and wavefront orientation, potentially affecting accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the impact of interelectrode distance and wavefront orientation on the accuracy of interpolated unipolar electrograms.
  • To compare computer modeling results with experimental data.

Main Methods:

  • A computer model generated 39 wavefronts during canine right ventricular (RV) activation, propagating radially at 0.5 m/sec.
  • Wavefronts crossed a square electrode array at 0, 45, and 90 degrees relative to the diagonal.
  • Potentials were interpolated for the center site from corner electrode data and compared using correlation coefficients (r) and percent root mean square differences (%RMSD).

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  • Experimental data from electrodes 9.9 mm and 14.1 mm apart were analyzed similarly.

    • Main Results:

    • Mean 'r' values dropped below 0.90 for interelectrode distances of 15.6 mm, 2.8 mm, and 1.4 mm at 0, 45, and 90 degrees wavefront orientations, respectively.
    • Experimental results at 9.9 mm spacing mirrored model predictions at 0-degree propagation.
    • Interpolation from 14.1 mm apart showed poorer accuracy than model predictions.

    Conclusions:

    • Linear interpolation of unipolar electrograms can be inaccurate with electrodes closer than 3 mm.
    • Accurate interpolation is achievable with electrodes greater than 14 mm apart, contingent on wavefront orientation.
    • Wavefront orientation significantly influences the reliability of interpolated cardiac electrograms.