Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice
06:07

Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice

Published on: October 6, 2022

2.2K

Factors associated with resolution and progression of HIV/hepatitis C virus infection

Louise Nygaard Clausen1

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases and the Clinical Research Centre, Hvidovre Hospital, Kettegards Alle 30, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark. louisenygaardclausen@gmail.com.

Danish Medical Journal
|May 13, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) presents challenges. Factors like sex, hepatitis B virus coinfection, and exposure route influence spontaneous HCV resolution, while IL28B genotype and HCV viral load impact mortality.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection is common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals.
  • HIV-HCV coinfection accelerates liver disease progression, leading to cirrhosis and liver-related mortality.
  • Understanding factors influencing spontaneous HCV resolution and disease progression is crucial for managing coinfected individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate factors associated with spontaneous HCV resolution in HIV-HCV coinfected individuals.
  • To identify genetic factors, specifically single-nucleotide-polymorphisms (SNPs) in the interleukin 28B (IL28B) gene, related to spontaneous HCV resolution.
  • To analyze predictors of mortality in chronically HIV-HCV coinfected individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Study I: Identified a cohort of 327 HIV-HCV coinfected individuals to determine spontaneous HCV resolution rates and associated factors (sex, HBV coinfection, exposure route).
  • Study II: Analyzed 208 European Caucasians with HIV-HCV coinfection to identify IL28B gene SNPs associated with spontaneous HCV resolution and their correlation with HCV viral load.
  • Study III: Conducted survival analysis on 264 HIV-HCV coinfected individuals with chronic infection to identify predictors of mortality using time-updated Poisson regression.

Main Results:

  • A spontaneous HCV resolution rate of 23% was observed. Female sex, hepatitis B virus coinfection, and exposure through injecting drug use (IDU) or homosexual contact (MSM) were associated with increased resolution rates.
  • Three IL28B SNPs, including the favorable CC genotype, were associated with spontaneous HCV resolution. The IL28B CC genotype correlated with higher HCV viral load.
  • HCV viral load, HCV genotype 3, and IL28B CC genotype were identified as predictors of increased mortality in chronically infected individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Demographic and exposure-related factors influence spontaneous HCV resolution in HIV-HCV coinfected individuals.
  • The IL28B genotype plays a role in both spontaneous HCV resolution and viral control in coinfected populations.
  • HCV genotype 3 and elevated HCV viral load are associated with increased mortality, suggesting a need for closer monitoring and potential early antiviral therapy.

More Related Videos

Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models09:54

Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models

Published on: December 3, 2019

9.4K
Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors16:49

Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors

Published on: July 16, 2012

11.2K

Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
81
Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
43.0K
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion...
25
Hepatic Drug Excretion: Influencing Factors01:16

Hepatic Drug Excretion: Influencing Factors

The biliary system of the liver, crucial for bile secretion and drug excretion, comprises intrahepatic bile ducts that merge to form the common hepatic duct. This duct, carrying hepatic bile, combines with the cystic duct, draining the gallbladder and forming the common bile duct, which empties into the duodenum. Bile, produced by hepatic cells lining the bile canaliculi, is composed primarily of water, bile salts, pigments, electrolytes, and lesser amounts of cholesterol and fatty acids. Bile...
812
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
14.1K
Factors Affecting Drug Response: Overview01:21

Factors Affecting Drug Response: Overview

When it comes to infants and young children, they are typically administered smaller doses of medication in comparison to adults. This is primarily because their organ functions still need to fully develop, meaning their bodies are not as efficient at metabolizing or eliminating drugs. Additionally, their blood-brain barrier is more permeable than in adults. As a result, high concentrations of drugs can easily penetrate the central nervous system (CNS), potentially leading to neurological...
3.1K