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Lattice QCD with mismatched fermi surfaces.

Arata Yamamoto1

  • 1Theoretical Research Division, Nishina Center, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.

Physical Review Letters
|May 13, 2014
PubMed
Summary

We investigated two-flavor fermions in lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) with mismatched chemical potentials. A mismatch disrupts the pion condensate, leading to an inhomogeneous ground state with massive quasiparticles.

Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Physics
  • Quantum Chromodynamics
  • High-Energy Physics

Background:

  • Lattice QCD provides a framework for studying the behavior of quarks and gluons.
  • Pion condensation is a phenomenon expected in dense nuclear matter.
  • Chemical potentials influence the properties of strongly interacting matter.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of mismatched chemical potentials on two-flavor fermions in lattice QCD.
  • To explore the stability of the charged pion condensate under chemical potential mismatch.
  • To characterize the resulting ground state and its properties.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing quenched lattice QCD simulations.
  • Introducing a large isospin chemical potential to establish a charged pion condensate.

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  • Applying a small mismatch between up quark and down antiquark chemical potentials.

    • Main Results:

    • The homogeneous pion condensate is destroyed by the chemical potential mismatch.
    • The two-point correlation function exhibits spatial oscillations.
    • An inhomogeneous ground state is indicated, with massive quasiparticles in the current simulation.

    Conclusions:

    • Mismatched chemical potentials destabilize the homogeneous pion condensate in two-flavor lattice QCD.
    • The system transitions to an inhomogeneous ground state characterized by spatial oscillations.
    • The quasiparticles in this inhomogeneous state are massive under the simulated conditions.