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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

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Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows...
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Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal...
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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two major chronic disorders—ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—each characterized by relapsing episodes of gastrointestinal inflammation. Although they share certain clinical features, their patterns of involvement and manifestations differ in ways that aid diagnosis and guide management.Ulcerative ColitisUlcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and involves continuous inflammation of the mucosal layer. The...
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Multimodality Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia
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Ischemic enterocolitis and its differential diagnosis.

Georgina Uberti1, John R Goldblum1, Daniela S Allende1

  • 1Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio.

Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology
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Summary

Gastrointestinal ischemia, often misdiagnosed, requires clinical suspicion and diagnostic findings for accurate identification. This review covers ischemic enterocolitis and its differential diagnosis.

Keywords:
ColonIschemiaSmall bowelVasculitis

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Ischemia is a frequent gastrointestinal injury.
  • It is often misdiagnosed due to mild symptoms and resemblance to other conditions.
  • Multiple factors like hypovolemia, systemic diseases, and obstruction can cause ischemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of ischemic enterocolitis.
  • To discuss the differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal ischemia.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on ischemic enterocolitis.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria including clinical suspicion, endoscopic, and pathologic findings.
  • Examination of vascular changes for etiological clues.

Main Results:

  • Histologic features often confirm ischemia but may not specify the cause.
  • Vascular changes can suggest the underlying etiology of ischemia.
  • Accurate diagnosis depends on integrating clinical, endoscopic, and pathological data.

Conclusions:

  • Ischemic enterocolitis diagnosis requires high clinical suspicion.
  • Differential diagnosis is crucial due to varied presentations.
  • Understanding etiologies aids in managing gastrointestinal ischemia.