The use of ADSCs as a treatment for chronic stroke
Tzu-Min Chan1, Horng-Jyh Harn, Hui-Ping Lin
1Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Insights
Adipose tissue-derived stem cells show promise for stroke recovery. Cell-based therapies improve neuronal function in animal models without safety concerns, offering a potential new treatment for stroke patients.
Area of Science:
- Regenerative Medicine
- Neuroscience
- Stem Cell Biology
Background:
- Stroke leads to irreversible neuronal damage and infarction due to inflammation.
- Current therapeutic options for stroke are limited, highlighting the need for novel treatments.
- Regenerating brain cells is crucial for effective stroke recovery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the benefits and applications of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) for stroke.
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ADSC-based therapies in preclinical stroke models.
- To propose a potential clinical strategy for enhanced ADSC transplantation in stroke patients.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on stroke classification and ADSC applications.
- Analysis of studies utilizing ADSCs in animal models of stroke.
- Examination of molecular mechanisms underlying ADSC therapeutic effects.
- Assessment of safety data from preclinical stem cell transplantation studies.
Main Results:
- ADSC-based therapies demonstrated significant improvements in neuronal behaviors and functions in stroke animal models.
- Various molecular mechanisms contribute to the therapeutic benefits of cell-based treatments.
- No safety issues were reported following ADSC transplantation in the reviewed studies.
Conclusions:
- Adipose tissue-derived stem cells represent a promising therapeutic strategy for chronic stroke.
- Cell-based therapies offer a potential breakthrough for neuronal regeneration and functional recovery post-stroke.
- A combination of reduced-invasive transplantation and continuous administration may optimize clinical outcomes.
Abstract:
Stroke is one of the disorders for which clinically effective therapeutic modalities are most needed, and numerous ways have been explored to attempt to investigate their feasibilities. However, ischemic- or hemorrhagic-induced inflammatory neuron death causes irreversible injuries and infarction regions, and there are currently no truly effective drugs available as therapy. It is therefore urgent to be able to provide a fundamental treatment method to regenerate neuronal brain cells, and therefore, the use of stem cells for curing chronic stroke could be a major breakthrough development. In this review, we describe the features and classification of stroke and focus on the benefits of adipose tissue-derived stem cells and their applications in stroke animal models. The results show that cell-based therapies have resulted in significant improvements in neuronal behaviors and functions through different molecular mechanisms, and no safety problems have so far arisen after transplantation. Further, we propose a clinical possibility to create a homing niche by reducing the degree of invasive intracerebroventricular transplantation and combining it with continuous intravenous administration to achieve a complete cure.
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