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Microfluidic systems with ion-selective membranes.

Zdenek Slouka¹, Satyajyoti Senapati, Hsueh-Chia Chang

¹Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; email: zslouka@nd.edu , ssenapat@nd.edu , hchang@nd.edu.

Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry (Palo Alto, Calif.)

|May 14, 2014

Summary

Ion-selective nanoporous membranes offer advanced functionalities for microfluidic biochips, enabling on-chip pumping, separation, and sensing of biomolecules. These membranes provide superior performance for point-of-care diagnostics compared to paper-based devices.

Keywords:

biosensing depletion electrokinetics limiting current molecular concentration

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Ion-selective nanoporous membranes are crucial components in microfluidic systems.
These membranes exhibit unique nonequilibrium ion current phenomena.
They offer enhanced capabilities over traditional paper-based devices for biochips.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the fundamentals of ion current phenomena in ion-selective membranes.
To explore the applications of these phenomena in microfluidic biochips.
To highlight their advantages for point-of-care diagnostics.

Main Methods:

Discussion of nonequilibrium ion current phenomena.
Review of studies involving fabricated single nanochannels/nanopores.
Analysis of applications in biomolecule transport, separation, concentration, and detection.

Main Results:

Ion-selective membranes enable on-chip pumping, pH actuation, and reactive mixing.
They facilitate precise molecular separation and concentration.
These membranes are effective for sensitive molecular sensing and biomolecule detection.

Conclusions:

Ion-selective nanoporous membranes provide superior functionality for microfluidic biochips.
They represent a cost-effective advancement for point-of-care diagnostic devices.
Their unique properties enable diverse applications in biomolecule analysis and manipulation.