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Does gestational diabetes mellitus affect respiratory outcome in late-preterm infants?

G P G Fung1, L M Chan1, Y C Ho1

  • 1Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong.

Early Human Development
|May 14, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases the risk of respiratory complications in late-preterm infants. Infants born to mothers with GDM experienced higher rates of transient tachypnea of the newborn and required more respiratory support.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Pediatric Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and late-preterm delivery are independently linked to neonatal respiratory issues.
  • The combined risk of GDM and late-preterm birth on respiratory outcomes is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the independent impact of GDM on respiratory outcomes in infants born between 34-36 weeks' gestation.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study compared 130 late-preterm infants born to mothers with GDM to 781 infants born to mothers without GDM.
  • Infants were delivered between January 2009 and August 2012.

Main Results:

  • Infants in the GDM group had higher incidences of transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) and air leak.
  • The GDM group required more respiratory support (oxygen, CPAP, ventilation) and neonatal intensive care, with longer hospital stays.
  • GDM was an independent risk factor for TTN, CPAP use, mechanical ventilation, and neonatal intensive care.

Conclusions:

  • GDM independently increases the risk of severe respiratory complications in late-preterm infants.
  • Enhanced monitoring and prompt interventions are crucial for managing these infants.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChineseDiabetes mellitusLate pretermNeonatal outcomePreterm infantRespiratory distress

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