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A case-control study examining association between infectious agents and acute myocardial infarction

Sunanda N Shrikhande1, Sanjay P Zodpey, Himanshu Negandhi

  • 1Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.

Indian Journal of Public Health
|May 14, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Infections like Helicobacter pylori and Chlamydia pneumoniae, along with elevated C-reactive protein, are linked to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in India. Further research is needed to understand their public health impact on AMI prevalence.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a growing concern in India, influenced by multifactorial causes.
  • Infections are increasingly recognized as contributors to atherosclerosis and heart disease development.
  • Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is strongly associated with underlying atherosclerosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and Chlamydia pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae) infections and acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
  • To examine the relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and AMI.
  • To assess the combined role of these infectious agents and CRP in the etiology of AMI.

Main Methods:

  • A group-matched case-control study was conducted in Nagpur, India.
  • Researchers compared the odds of AMI in individuals with past H. pylori or C. pneumoniae infections.
  • CRP positivity was assessed as a potential risk factor for AMI.

Main Results:

  • An odds ratio (OR) of 2.50 for C. pneumoniae and 2.50 for H. pylori infection was observed in relation to AMI.
  • Elevated CRP levels showed a significant association with AMI, with an OR of 3.85.
  • The study included 265 cases and 265 controls, indicating a notable link between these infections, CRP, and AMI.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest a role for H. pylori and C. pneumoniae infections in the development of AMI within the studied population.
  • Elevated CRP levels are significantly associated with an increased risk of AMI.
  • Urgent research is required to determine the public health implications of these infectious agents on the overall prevalence of AMI.
Abstract

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