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Related Concept Videos

Golgi Apparatus01:49

Golgi Apparatus

76.1K
As they leave the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), properly folded and assembled proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles. These vesicles are transported by microtubule-based motor proteins and fuse together to form vesicular tubular clusters, subsequently arriving at the Golgi apparatus, a eukaryotic endomembrane organelle that often has a distinctive ribbon-like appearance.
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Golgi Apparatus01:09

Golgi Apparatus

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Properly folded and assembled proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles that exit the ER. Motor proteins transport these vesicles to the Golgi apparatus for adding modifications that make these proteins functional at their destination.
The Golgi apparatus is a eukaryotic organelle that has a distinctive ribbon-like appearance. It is a primary sorting and dispatch station for cargo arriving from the ER. Newly arriving vesicles enter the cis face of the Golgi, closest to the ER, and are...
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Golgi Apparatus01:09

Golgi Apparatus

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Golgi Matrix Proteins01:12

Golgi Matrix Proteins

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Golgi matrix proteins are a group of highly dynamic proteins that maintain the stacked structure of Golgi. These proteins adapt to rapid morphological changes of the Golgi during the cell cycle. During cell division, mild proteolysis removes these connections resulting in Golgi unstacking. In The daughter cells, these proteins help reassemble the unstacked Golgi.
One of the first identified Golgi matrix proteins was GM130, a rod-like protein located in the cis-Golgi. Subsequently, many Golgi...
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Transport Across the Golgi01:26

Transport Across the Golgi

5.2K
While it is unclear how molecules move between adjacent Golgi cisternae, it is apparent that the molecules move from cis- cisterna, the entry face, to the trans- cisterna, the exit face. Experiments initially suggested vesicles that bud from one cisterna and fuse with the next cisterna to transport proteins between the cisternae. This vesicular transport model describes the Golgi apparatus as a relatively static structure with a unique enzyme composition in each cisterna. Molecules are...
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Vesicular Tubular Clusters01:45

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

2.4K
After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
With the help of motor proteins such...
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Related Experiment Video

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Quantitative Localization of a Golgi Protein by Imaging Its Center of Fluorescence Mass
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Quantitative Localization of a Golgi Protein by Imaging Its Center of Fluorescence Mass

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The Golgi is a measuring cup.

Wallace F Marshall1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.

Developmental Cell
|May 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary

The size and structure of the Golgi apparatus directly impact the size and function of secretory granules. This finding reveals a key link between organelle morphology and cellular processes.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Organelle Biology
  • Cellular Function

Background:

  • The relationship between organelle size and cellular function is a fundamental, yet largely unexplored, area in cell biology.
  • Understanding how organelle morphology influences cellular processes is crucial for deciphering cell function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Golgi apparatus size and topology in determining the characteristics of secretory granules.
  • To explore the connection between organelle dimensions and the functionality of medically relevant secretory products.

Main Methods:

  • The study by Ferraro et al. (2014) analyzed the size and structural organization of the Golgi apparatus.
  • Investigated the subsequent impact on the size and functionality of secretory granules.

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Analysis of Endocytic Uptake and Retrograde Transport to the Trans-Golgi Network Using Functionalized Nanobodies in Cultured Cells
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Analysis of Endocytic Uptake and Retrograde Transport to the Trans-Golgi Network Using Functionalized Nanobodies in Cultured Cells

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Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that the size and topology of the Golgi apparatus are critical determinants of secretory granule size.
  • Showed a direct correlation between Golgi apparatus morphology and the functional capacity of secretory granules.

Conclusions:

  • The morphology of the Golgi apparatus plays a significant role in regulating the size and functionality of secretory granules.
  • This research provides novel insights into the organelle-dependent control of secretory product characteristics.