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Updated: Apr 29, 2026

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Understanding your student: using the VARK model.

I J Prithishkumar1, S A Michael

  • 1Department of Anatomy, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Most medical students have multiple learning preferences, with auditory and kinesthetic modes being most common. Educators should use varied teaching methods to engage all students effectively.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Learning preferences vary among students.
  • The VARK model categorizes learners into Visual, Aural, Read/write, and Kinesthetic modalities.
  • Understanding these preferences is key to effective teaching.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the learning style preferences of first-year undergraduate medical students.
  • To identify the prevalence of unimodal and multimodal learning preferences.
  • To inform pedagogical approaches in medical education.

Main Methods:

  • A 16-point VARK questionnaire (version 7.1) was administered to first-year medical students.
  • Data on sensory modality preferences were collected and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • A significant majority (86.8%) of students exhibited multimodal learning preferences.
  • Auditory and Kinesthetic modalities showed the highest individual scores, while Visual was the lowest.
  • Bimodal preferences, particularly Auditory-Kinesthetic (AK) and Auditory-Read/write (AR), were most common.

Conclusions:

  • Medical students display diverse learning preferences, necessitating varied instructional strategies.
  • A shift towards student-centric, multimodal teaching approaches is recommended.
  • Traditional lecture formats may not cater to the majority of student learning styles.