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Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction

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Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
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The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
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Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management01:26

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Patients with esophageal strictures often experience a range of symptoms. Initially, they may have difficulty swallowing solid foods, which can progress to include liquids. Additional symptoms may involve chest pain or discomfort, regurgitating food and fluids, heartburn, unintentional weight loss, coughing or choking during meals, and hoarseness.
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Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
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Barrett's esophagus is a medical condition where the esophageal mucosa is significantly damaged by stomach acid or other digestive fluids, often due to long-term exposure associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In GERD, a weakened or abnormally relaxed lower esophageal sphincter allows stomach acid to flow persistently into the esophagus.
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Pyloric Obstruction01:11

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Pyloric obstruction, also referred to as gastric outlet obstruction, is a condition characterized by narrowing or blockage at the pylorus—the muscular valve regulating the flow of stomach contents into the duodenum. When this passage becomes impaired, the stomach cannot effectively empty its contents into the small intestine. This disruption leads to a range of gastrointestinal symptoms, including early satiety, bloating, epigastric pain, postprandial nausea, persistent vomiting, and...
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The gastrointestinal tract is susceptible to various disorders. If the lower esophageal sphincter is damaged, stomach acid can flow back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation of the lining. This condition is called gastroesophageal reflux disease (known as heartburn) and may cause chest pain and difficulty swallowing. In the stomach, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, chronic alcohol consumption, bacterial infections such as Helicobacter...
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Gorham-Stout syndrome: a case report.

M D Posadas1, S Viejo Stuart, O Romano

  • 1Hospital de Alta Complejidad ¨El Cruce¨ de Florencio Varela, Buenos Aires Argentina; Clínica IPENSA de La Plata Bs.As., Argentina. pegahuesos@hotmail.com.

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Gorham-Stout syndrome is a rare bone disease causing bone loss due to abnormal vessel growth. This study reviews a case and current literature, highlighting the lack of standardized treatment for this condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Bone biology and rare diseases.
  • Vascular and lymphatic malformations.

Background:

  • Gorham-Stout syndrome (GSS) is an extremely rare skeletal disorder.
  • Characterized by proliferation of vascular and lymphatic channels in bone.
  • Leads to progressive osseous resorption and potential pathological fractures.

Observation:

  • Around 200 cases of GSS reported globally.
  • No standardized treatment protocol exists for GSS.
  • Bisphosphonates offer symptomatic relief but do not halt disease progression.

Findings:

  • This report details a case diagnosed secondary to resistant epistaxis.
  • Literature review of Gorham-Stout syndrome conducted.
  • Highlights diagnostic considerations for GSS presenting with epistaxis.

Implications:

  • Emphasizes the importance of considering GSS in unexplained bone resorption, especially with unusual symptoms like epistaxis.
  • Underscores the need for further research into effective GSS treatments.
  • Contributes to the understanding and management of this rare bone disease.