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Antipsychotic Drugs: Typical and Atypical Agents01:21

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Antipsychotic drugs are classified into first-generation (typical) drugs including phenothiazines; and second-generation (atypical) drugs. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride (Thorazine), a phenothiazine derivative, broadly impacts the central, autonomic, and endocrine systems. This drug, along with typical agents like haloperidol (Haldol), primarily works by antagonizing D2 receptors, thus reducing dopaminergic neurotransmission. However, typical antipsychotics can cause side effects such as sedation...
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Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
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Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

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Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
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The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
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The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...
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Antipsychotic Drugs: Therapeutic Uses and Side Effects01:21

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Antipsychotic drugs primarily block dopamine and serotonin receptors and cholinergic, adrenergic, and histaminergic receptors, thereby reducing hallucinations and delusions in conditions like schizophrenia. However, they can trigger unwanted extrapyramidal effects such as dystonias, Parkinson-like symptoms, and tardive dyskinesia.
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Constrictive pericarditis associated with atypical antipsychotics.

Kuan-Chin Jean Chen1, Aashish Goela2, Patrick Teefy3

  • 1Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario and Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada N6A 5A5 ; Department of Family Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada N6A 5C1.

Case Reports in Cardiology
|May 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atypical antipsychotics may cause constrictive pericarditis, a serious heart condition. Surgical intervention, pericardiectomy, successfully treated this rare side effect in a schizophrenia patient.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Psychiatry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Long-term use of atypical antipsychotics is common in managing psychiatric disorders.
  • Constrictive pericarditis is a rare but serious cardiac condition.
  • A potential association between atypical antipsychotics and pericarditis has been suggested.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of constrictive pericarditis potentially linked to atypical antipsychotic use.
  • To describe the successful surgical management of this condition.
  • To highlight a rare adverse effect of atypical antipsychotics.

Main Methods:

  • A patient with schizophrenia on long-term atypical antipsychotics developed symptoms of constrictive pericarditis.
  • Diagnostic workup confirmed constrictive pericarditis.
  • Surgical pericardiectomy was performed.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with shortness of breath, a common symptom of constrictive pericarditis.
  • Postoperative recovery was uneventful.
  • The patient's shortness of breath resolved after surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Surgical pericardiectomy can be a successful treatment for constrictive pericarditis.
  • This case suggests a possible etiological link between atypical antipsychotics and constrictive pericarditis.
  • Clinicians should be aware of rare cardiac adverse events associated with atypical antipsychotics.