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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 29, 2026

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
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MicroRNAs in lupus.

Hong Zan1, Connie Tat, Paolo Casali

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center , San Antonio, TX , USA.

Autoimmunity
|May 16, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epigenetic modifications, including microRNAs (miRNAs), are crucial in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis. Dysregulated miRNAs contribute to aberrant immune responses and autoimmune disease development, offering potential therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
Activation-induced cytidine deaminaseautoantibodyautoimmunityclass-switch DNA recombinationepigeneticsmicroRNAsomatic hypermutationsystemic lupus erythematosus

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease driven by pathogenic autoantibodies, particularly anti-dsDNA IgG.
  • Lupus pathogenesis involves genetic factors and environmental exposures leading to epigenetic modifications.
  • Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs (miRNAs), regulate immune responses and B cell function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of epigenetic modifications, with a focus on miRNAs, in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus.
  • To understand how epigenetic dysregulation contributes to aberrant antibody production in lupus.
  • To assess the potential of miRNA modulation as a therapeutic strategy for SLE.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on epigenetic mechanisms in lupus.
  • Analysis of the role of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and miRNAs in immune cell function.
  • Examination of miRNA dysregulation in human and mouse models of lupus.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic modifications significantly influence gene expression and modulate key B cell functions.
  • Epigenetic dysregulation leads to aberrant autoimmune responses against self-antigens like dsDNA.
  • Altered miRNA expression is observed in human lupus, linked to environmental factors and contributing to autoimmunity.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic dysregulation, particularly involving miRNAs, is integral to the development and progression of systemic lupus erythematosus.
  • miRNAs play a critical role in regulating both innate and adaptive immunity, and their dysregulation promotes autoimmunity.
  • Modulating miRNA activity presents a promising therapeutic avenue for treating lupus and other autoimmune diseases.