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Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear optics
  • Mathematical physics

Background:

  • Rogue waves (RWs) are extreme amplitude events in nonlinear systems.
  • High-order RWs in single-component systems have been extensively studied.
  • Understanding vector RWs in coupled systems is crucial for nonlinear optics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamics of high-order rogue waves (RWs) in two-component coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations.
  • To explore the emergence of novel RW patterns in vector systems.
  • To analyze the influence of initial excitations on RW distribution.

Main Methods:

  • Solving two-component coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations.
  • Utilizing exact analytical solutions for initial excitations.
  • Analyzing the dynamics and distribution patterns of vector RWs.

Main Results:

  • Four fundamental RWs emerge from second-order vector RWs in the coupled system.
  • Distribution shapes include quadrilateral, triangle, and line structures.
  • Vector RWs exhibit more abundant distribution patterns than scalar RWs.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals novel high-order rogue wave dynamics in coupled nonlinear systems.
  • Vector RWs offer richer pattern diversity compared to scalar RWs.
  • These findings have implications for observing new rogue wave patterns in nonlinear fibers.