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Fast and Accurate Exhaled Breath Ammonia Measurement
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Laser-based method and sample handling protocol for measuring breath acetone.

Gus Hancock1, Cathryn E Langley, Robert Peverall

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford , South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom.

Analytical Chemistry
|May 17, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new method uses diode laser spectroscopy to measure acetone in human breath at very low concentrations. This breakthrough offers a sensitive way to detect breath acetone, aiding in medical diagnostics.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Acetone in human breath is a potential biomarker for metabolic states.
  • Accurate measurement of low acetone concentrations in breath is challenging.
  • Existing methods may lack sensitivity or specificity for breath acetone analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a robust method for measuring acetone in human breath at sub parts-per-million by volume (ppmv) concentrations.
  • To achieve a high limit of detection (LOD) for breath acetone using diode laser cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (DL-CEAS).
  • To validate the developed method against a standard technique.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized diode laser cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (DL-CEAS) operating at approximately 1690 nm.
  • Probed acetone overtone transitions in a spectral region with minimal interference from CO2, water, and methane.
  • Employed an optical cavity with a 45 cm length and highly reflective mirrors (99.997% reflectivity).
  • Developed a mirror reflectivity calibration technique using a temperature-dependent water vapor source.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of approximately 180 parts-per-billion by volume (ppbv) (1σ) for breath acetone.
  • Demonstrated the method's robustness and sensitivity for sub-ppmv acetone measurements.
  • Validated the DL-CEAS results against measurements from an ion-molecule reaction mass spectrometer.

Conclusions:

  • Diode laser cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy provides a highly sensitive and robust method for measuring breath acetone.
  • The developed technique offers a promising tool for non-invasive breath analysis and potential biomarker detection.
  • The calibration technique enhances the reliability of optical cavity-based measurements.