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Obesity associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus is linked to decreased PC1/3 mRNA expression in the Jejunum

Francieli Rohden1, Cintia S Costa, Thais O Hammes

  • 1Departamento de Bioquímica, ICBS, UFRGS, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600 - anexo, CEP 90.035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

Obesity Surgery
|May 17, 2014
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Obese patients with type 2 diabetes have impaired prohormone convertase 1/3 (PC1/3) mRNA expression in the jejunum. Bariatric surgery may improve glucose levels by activating this system.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Bariatric surgery is a highly effective treatment for obesity and type 2 diabetes.
  • Incretin hormones play a crucial role in glucose regulation.
  • Understanding the molecular basis of incretin secretion is vital for managing obesity and diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate messenger RNA (mRNA) gene expression of key incretin-related molecules in the jejunum of obese patients with and without type 2 diabetes.
  • To explore the molecular underpinnings of incretin secretion in the context of bariatric surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Jejunal mucosa samples were collected from non-diabetic (NDM2) and type 2 diabetic (T2DM) obese patients.
  • Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of proglucagon, GIP, PC1/3, and DPP-IV were analyzed using RT-qPCR.
  • Immuno content of GLP-1 and GIP was quantified via fluorescence microscopy.

Main Results:

  • Type 2 diabetes patients exhibited significantly decreased prohormone convertase 1/3 (PC1/3) mRNA expression in the jejunum.
  • Proglucagon, GIP, and DPP-IV mRNA expression levels were not significantly different between NDM2 and T2DM groups.
  • Glucagon-like peptide-1 and GIP immuno content decreased in T2DM jejunum, but high glucose stimulated these levels.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced PC1/3 mRNA expression in the jejunum may impair the bioactivation of pro-GIP and proglucagon in obese patients with T2DM.
  • Bariatric surgery could potentially enhance incretin secretion and improve glucose control in these patients by activating this system.

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