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Related Concept Videos

Structural Classification of Joints01:20

Structural Classification of Joints

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Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, or whether the articulating surfaces contact each other within a fluid-filled joint cavity. These differences serve to divide the joints of the body into three structural classifications.
A fibrous joint is where the adjacent bones are united by fibrous connective...
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Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

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The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
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Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

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Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
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Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

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Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
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RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

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The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
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RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

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Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
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Analyzing and Building Nucleic Acid Structures with 3DNA
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RASS: a web server for RNA alignment in the joint sequence-structure space.

Gewen He1, Albert Steppi2, Jose Laborde2

  • 1Department of Computer Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.

Nucleic Acids Research
|May 17, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Comparing ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules requires both sequence and 3D structure data. A new elastic shape analysis (ESA) method and web server (RASS) integrate these for accurate RNA comparison.

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Area of Science:

  • Computational Biology
  • Bioinformatics
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • Comparing ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules is crucial for understanding their evolution, function, and structure.
  • Existing methods often rely solely on sequence or 3D structural information, neglecting the complementary insights each provides.
  • Integrating both sequence and 3D structural data is essential for a comprehensive comparison of RNA molecules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and provide a publicly accessible web server for comparing RNA molecules using a novel method.
  • To enable researchers to leverage both sequence and 3D structural information for RNA analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a new method based on elastic shape analysis (ESA) to compare RNA molecules.
  • ESA treats RNA structures as 3D curves, encoding sequence information in additional coordinates for joint sequence-structure space alignment.
  • Quantified RNA similarity using a formal distance metric, the geodesic distance.

Main Results:

  • Implemented the ESA-based RNA comparison method into a user-friendly web server named RASS.
  • Made the RASS web server publicly available at http://cloud.stat.fsu.edu/RASS/.
  • The RASS server facilitates integrated sequence-structure based RNA comparisons.

Conclusions:

  • The RASS web server provides a valuable tool for the research community to compare RNA molecules more effectively.
  • Integrating sequence and 3D structure information enhances the accuracy and depth of RNA comparative analyses.
  • This approach advances the study of RNA evolution, function, and structure prediction.