Translating ocular biomechanics into clinical practice: current state and future prospects

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Biomechanics
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• The eye's function relies on a delicate balance of forces, making biomechanics essential for understanding ophthalmic disorders.
• Basic science research has linked ocular biomechanics to numerous conditions including glaucoma, cataracts, and retinal detachment.
• Translational biomechanics in ophthalmology is emerging as a key area for clinical advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the critical role of biomechanics in ophthalmology.
• To review recent advances and future prospects in ocular biomechanics.
• To advocate for clinical translation of biomechanical research through interdisciplinary collaboration.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent scientific literature on ocular biomechanics.
• Discussion of emerging translational strategies in ophthalmic biomechanics.
• Focus on specific ocular structures: cornea, iris, trabecular meshwork, lens, sclera, and lamina cribrosa.

Main Results:

• Ocular biomechanics provides insights into the mechanisms of major ophthalmic disorders.
• Translational biomechanics offers potential for improved diagnosis and treatment strategies.
• Emerging strategies include corneal stiffening for conditions like keratoconus.

Conclusions:

• Biomechanics is fundamental to understanding and managing a wide range of ophthalmic conditions.
• Clinical translation of biomechanical research, driven by collaboration, is poised to benefit patient care.
• Further research and development in ocular biomechanics are expected to yield significant clinical applications.