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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Blood Flow01:29

Blood Flow

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Blood is pumped by the heart into the aorta, the largest artery in the body, and then into increasingly smaller arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. The velocity of blood flow decreases with increased cross-sectional blood vessel area. As blood returns to the heart through venules and veins, its velocity increases. The movement of blood is encouraged by smooth muscle in the vessel walls, the movement of skeletal muscle surrounding the vessels, and one-way valves that prevent backflow.
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Related Experiment Video

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In vitro Assessment of Aortic Regurgitation Using Four-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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In vitro Assessment of Aortic Regurgitation Using Four-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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4D flow imaging with MRI.

Zoran Stankovic1, Bradley D Allen1, Julio Garcia1

  • 11 Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA ; 2 Department Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA.

Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy
|May 17, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Four-dimensional flow MRI (4D flow MRI) offers comprehensive cardiovascular hemodynamics assessment. This advanced technique aids in diagnosing and managing cardiovascular diseases with improved blood flow visualization and quantification.

Keywords:
4D flow magnetic resonance imaging (4D flow MRI)PC-VIPRaortablood flowcarotid bifurcationhearthemodynamicsliver hemodynamicsperipheral arteriesphase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI)pulmonary arteriesquantificationrenal arteriessplanchnic vessel systemvisualization

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Imaging
  • Medical Physics
  • Hemodynamics

Background:

  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is crucial for cardiovascular disease evaluation.
  • Two-dimensional phase contrast MRI (2D PC-MRI) assesses heart and great vessel blood flow.
  • Four-dimensional flow MRI (4D flow MRI) advances this by enabling 3D visualization and quantification of complex hemodynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the methods for 4D flow MRI acquisition, post-processing, and data analysis.
  • To provide an overview of 4D flow MRI's clinical applications.
  • To review 4D flow MRI's utility in the heart, thoracic aorta, and hepatic system.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizes time-resolved, three-directional velocity encoding with 3D anatomic coverage.
  • Incorporates advanced parallel imaging techniques like k-t GRAPPA for reduced scan times.
  • Enables retrospective quantification of flow parameters and 3D blood flow visualization.

Main Results:

  • 4D flow MRI allows for comprehensive evaluation of complex blood flow patterns.
  • Technical advancements have made clinical application feasible with scan times of 8-20 minutes.
  • Studies demonstrate improved hemodynamic assessment, aiding diagnosis and management of cardiovascular diseases.

Conclusions:

  • 4D flow MRI is a powerful tool for assessing cardiovascular hemodynamics.
  • Its feasibility and utility are increasingly documented in clinical studies.
  • The technique holds significant potential for improving cardiovascular disease diagnosis and treatment.