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Experimental productivity rate optimization of rare earth element separation through preparative solid phase

Hans-Kristian Knutson1, Mark Max-Hansen1, Christian Jönsson1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.

Journal of Chromatography. A
|May 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This study presents an efficient one-step method for separating Samarium, Europium, and Gadolinium using preparative ion-exchange chromatography. The optimized process achieves high purity and yield, enhancing rare earth element separation techniques.

Keywords:
ChromatographyHDEHPMonaziteNitric acidOptimizationRare earth elements

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Separation Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Separating individual rare earth elements (REEs) from complex mixtures is challenging, particularly for middle REEs like Samarium (Sm), Europium (Eu), and Gadolinium (Gd).
  • Existing methods often involve multiple steps, reducing efficiency and increasing costs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and optimize a high-throughput, one-step separation method for Sm, Eu, and Gd.
  • To achieve high purity (99%) and yield (80%) for each target element.
  • To maximize the productivity rate of the separation process.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized preparative ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
  • Employed a bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid impregnated column with nitric acid as the eluent.
  • Implemented overloaded, one-step separation strategy.
  • Detected elements using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for post-column analysis.
  • Optimized flow rate and batch load size to enhance productivity.

Main Results:

  • Achieved successful overloaded one-step separation of Sm, Eu, and Gd.
  • Optimized conditions yielded productivity rates of 1.32 kg Sm/(h·m³), 0.38 kg Eu/(h·m³), and 0.81 kg Gd/(h·m³).
  • Met target requirements for yield (80%) and purity (99%) for each element.

Conclusions:

  • Demonstrated the feasibility of an efficient one-step separation for middle rare earth elements using preparative ion-exchange HPLC.
  • The optimized method significantly enhances productivity while maintaining high purity and yield.
  • This approach offers a promising advancement for rare earth element purification and recovery.