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Related Concept Videos

Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
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Flail Chest-I01:24

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Overview of Flail Chest
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
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Flail Chest-II01:26

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Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
Assessment:
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History:
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Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Related Experiment Video

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Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device
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Other non-vertebral fractures.

Hiroshi Hagino1

  • 1School of Health Science and Rehabilitation Division, Tottori University, Nishicho 86, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503, Japan.

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Rheumatology
|May 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Non-vertebral non-hip (NVNH) fractures are common, especially in older adults, and linked to increased mortality and healthcare costs. Early detection and appropriate treatment are crucial for managing these fractures and improving patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Distal radius fractureEpidemiologyOsteoporosisPelvic fractureProximal humerus fractureQuality of lifeSurgical treatment

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Geriatrics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Non-vertebral non-hip (NVNH) fractures constitute a significant proportion of all fractures, particularly in aging populations.
  • Reductions in bone mineral density are associated with increased NVNH fracture risk, excluding facial fractures.
  • NVNH fractures are linked to elevated mortality rates and substantial healthcare expenditures compared to controls with osteoporosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology, risk factors, and management of non-vertebral non-hip fractures.
  • To highlight the impact of NVNH fractures on mortality, healthcare costs, and quality of life.
  • To discuss current therapeutic strategies for various NVNH fracture locations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiological data on NVNH fractures.
  • Analysis of associations between bone mineral density and fracture risk.
  • Examination of incidence variations across geographical regions.
  • Review of treatment modalities and outcomes for NVNH fractures.

Main Results:

  • NVNH fractures account for a high percentage of all fractures, increasing with age.
  • Forearm and proximal humerus fractures are most common in women aged 80+.
  • Incidence rates vary geographically, being higher in Northern Europe and lower in Asia and Africa.
  • NVNH fractures significantly increase mortality and healthcare costs; major NVNH fractures reduce quality of life similarly to hip fractures, though forearm fractures do not.

Conclusions:

  • NVNH fractures represent a major health concern with significant clinical and economic consequences.
  • Treatment decisions for NVNH fractures require individualized approaches considering patient factors and fracture characteristics.
  • While internal fixation is increasingly used for certain NVNH fractures, non-surgical management is often effective for osteoporotic pelvic fractures.