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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 29, 2026

Visualization of Intensity Levels to Reduce the Gap Between Self-Reported and Directly Measured Physical Activity
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Active travel intervention and physical activity behaviour: an evaluation.

Patricia Norwood1, Barbara Eberth1, Shelley Farrar1

  • 1Health Economics Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Polwarth Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom.

Social Science & Medicine (1982)
|May 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary

The Smarter Choices, Smarter Places program in Scotland increased the likelihood of adults meeting physical activity guidelines through active travel. However, overall participation declined slightly during the study period.

Keywords:
Active travelDifference-in-differencesPhysical activitySample selectionScotland

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Promotion
  • Transport Studies

Background:

  • Physical inactivity is a major global mortality risk factor.
  • Active travel initiatives are key public health strategies.
  • Promoting walking, cycling, and public transport use is a policy focus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the "Smarter Choices, Smarter Places" program in Scotland.
  • To assess the impact of active travel initiatives on adult physical activity participation.
  • To determine if the program helped participants meet physical activity guidelines.

Main Methods:

  • House-to-house surveys conducted in 2009 and 2012.
  • Analysis of physical activity data from 12,411 (2009) and 9542 (2012) participants.
  • Comparison of physical activity levels in intervention and non-intervention areas.

Main Results:

  • Individuals in intervention areas were 6% more likely to meet physical activity guidelines.
  • The initiative positively impacted the likelihood of physical activity participation.
  • Absolute physical activity prevalence declined in both intervention and control areas over time.

Conclusions:

  • Active travel programs can contribute to achieving physical activity targets.
  • Findings support the benefits of active travel interventions for public health.
  • Further research is needed to address declining overall participation rates.