Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Decreased pulse rate01:14

Decreased pulse rate

1.0K
Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with...
1.0K
Acute Respiratory Failure-IV01:23

Acute Respiratory Failure-IV

822
Respiratory failure can manifest suddenly or gradually, characterized by a rapid decline in PaO2 and a rapid rise in PaCO2. This situation indicates a severe respiratory problem that may quickly become a life-threatening emergency. One of the early signs of hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) is a change in mental status due to the brain's sensitivity to oxygen levels and changes in acid-base balance. Symptoms such as restlessness, confusion, and agitation suggest inadequate oxygen...
822
Hyperpnea and Hyperventilation01:25

Hyperpnea and Hyperventilation

4.1K
Hyperventilation refers to a higher-than-normal rate and depth of breathing, often associated with anxiety attacks. This excessive breathing surpasses the body's need to expel CO2, leading to a condition known as hypocapnia - an unusually low level of carbon dioxide in the blood. Hypocapnia can constrict cerebral blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the brain, which may result in dizziness or fainting. Early signs include tingling and muscle spasms in the hands and face, caused by falling...
4.1K
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

1.8K
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
1.8K
Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

5.3K
Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
5.3K
Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

709
Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per...
709

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Stroke and its consequences: protocol and pilot data of the observational Berlin Long-term Observation of Vascular Events (BeLOVE) stroke stratum.

BMJ neurology open·2026
Same author

The SIMPLE registry: SIMplified approach for percutaneous LAA Exclusion.

Heart rhythm·2026
Same author

Comparison of therapeutic strategies in patients presenting with left atrial thrombus despite oral anticoagulation.

Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society·2026
Same author

Transthoracic signs of left atrial cardiomyopathy predict presence of left atrial thromboembolic substrate.

Heart rhythm O2·2026
Same author

Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain Predicts Pacemaker-Associated Cardiomyopathy with Substantial LVEF Deterioration: Results from a Single-Center Cohort Study in Germany.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026
Same author

Left Atrial Appendage Closure or Medical Therapy in Atrial Fibrillation.

The New England journal of medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 29, 2026

How to Administer Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Critically ill Neonates, Infants, and Children
07:27

How to Administer Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Critically ill Neonates, Infants, and Children

Published on: August 19, 2020

13.1K

Acute decrease of cerebral oxygen saturation during rapid ventricular and supraventricular rhythm: a pilot study.

Alexander Wutzler1, Natalie Otto, Saskia Gräser

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.

Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE
|May 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cerebral oxygen saturation (SctO2) decreased during simulated supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and ventricular tachycardia (VT). Age and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) influenced these changes, suggesting NIRS monitoring utility.

Keywords:
cerebral tissue oxygen saturationend-organ perfusionnear-infrared spectroscopysupraventricular tachycardiaventricular tachycardia

More Related Videos

Standardized Model of Ventricular Fibrillation and Advanced Cardiac Life Support in Swine
05:36

Standardized Model of Ventricular Fibrillation and Advanced Cardiac Life Support in Swine

Published on: January 30, 2020

7.6K
Integration of Brain Tissue Saturation Monitoring in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Patients with Heart Failure
04:20

Integration of Brain Tissue Saturation Monitoring in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Patients with Heart Failure

Published on: October 1, 2019

5.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 29, 2026

How to Administer Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Critically ill Neonates, Infants, and Children
07:27

How to Administer Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Critically ill Neonates, Infants, and Children

Published on: August 19, 2020

13.1K
Standardized Model of Ventricular Fibrillation and Advanced Cardiac Life Support in Swine
05:36

Standardized Model of Ventricular Fibrillation and Advanced Cardiac Life Support in Swine

Published on: January 30, 2020

7.6K
Integration of Brain Tissue Saturation Monitoring in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Patients with Heart Failure
04:20

Integration of Brain Tissue Saturation Monitoring in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Patients with Heart Failure

Published on: October 1, 2019

5.1K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Cerebral microcirculation is reflected by monitoring cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (SctO2).
  • Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and ventricular tachycardia (VT) can impact cerebral perfusion.
  • Characterizing SctO2 changes during these arrhythmias is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the decrease in SctO2 during induced supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and ventricular tachycardia (VT) in adult patients.
  • To determine the influence of patient factors such as age and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) on SctO2 levels during these simulated arrhythmias.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized rapid atrial and ventricular pacing at 200/min to model SVT and VT.
  • Employed near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to measure SctO2 in both cerebral hemispheres.
  • Included twenty adult patients (mean age: 46.3 ± 18.1 years, 40% men) in the study.

Main Results:

  • Both atrial and ventricular stimulation significantly decreased SctO2 in the right and left cerebral hemispheres compared to baseline.
  • A negative correlation was observed between increasing age and minimal SctO2 values during both atrial and ventricular stimulation.
  • A positive correlation was found between left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and minimal SctO2 values during ventricular stimulation.

Conclusions:

  • Simulated SVT and VT led to decreased cerebral perfusion, with effects modulated by patient age and LVEF.
  • Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) monitoring is a viable tool for clinicians in critical care and during ablation procedures.
  • NIRS may offer particular benefits for monitoring elderly patients and those with compromised LVEF.