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Preventive effect of ursodeoxycholic acid on parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease in infants

Dusica Simić, Irina Milojević, Dragana Bogićević

    Srpski Arhiv Za Celokupno Lekarstvo
    |May 21, 2014
    PubMed

    Insights

    Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) treatment delayed the onset of parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in newborns. UDCA also reduced cholestasis symptoms and duration in infants receiving long-term parenteral nutrition (PN).

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatology
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology
    • Hepatology

    Background:

    • Parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis is a recognized complication in infants requiring long-term nutritional support.
    • Infants receiving prolonged parenteral nutrition (PN) are at risk for developing cholestasis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in preventing and treating cholestasis in newborns on extended PN.
    • To assess the impact of UDCA on the timing and severity of cholestasis in infants.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective study of 56 infants receiving prolonged PN.
    • Comparison between a control group (lower birth weight infants) and groups treated with UDCA (pediatric and surgical patients).
    • Monitoring of blood chemistries, including bilirubin, AST, ALT, and alkaline phosphatase.

    Main Results:

    • Cholestasis onset was significantly delayed in UDCA-treated infants compared to controls (39 and 34 days vs. 25 days).
    • Peak levels of conjugated bilirubin, AST, ALT, and alkaline phosphatase were significantly lower in UDCA-treated groups.
    • Duration of cholestasis was significantly reduced in all UDCA-treated infants.

    Conclusions:

    • Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is effective in delaying the onset and reducing the severity of parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in newborns.
    • UDCA treatment significantly shortens the duration of cholestasis in infants on prolonged PN.
    • The study did not find a difference in UDCA efficacy between lower and higher birth weight infants.
    Abstract

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