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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate01:25

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate

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The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a critical indicator of kidney health, reflecting how well the kidneys filter blood. Changes in GFR can signal potential kidney impairment, necessitating accurate measurement methods to monitor kidney function effectively.Various molecules can serve as markers for GFR measurement, with the ideal marker meeting several specific criteria. It must freely filter at the glomerulus, avoid reabsorption or secretion by the renal tubules, remain unmetabolized, not...
143
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration01:28

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration

337
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area.
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Renal Clearance01:23

Renal Clearance

3.2K
The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a critical marker of kidney function, reflecting the efficiency of filtration by the glomeruli. Renal clearance of specific substances, such as inulin or creatinine, is commonly used to measure GFR.
Renal clearance refers to the volume of plasma cleared of a specific substance, such as creatinine, per unit of time. To measure clearance, urine samples are collected over a 24-hour period during each bladder voiding, followed by a single blood sample at the...
3.2K
Glomerular Filtration Rate and its Regulation01:28

Glomerular Filtration Rate and its Regulation

5.9K
The Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function, reflecting the volume of filtrate formed per minute in the kidneys. On average, GFR is approximately 125 mL/min in males and 105 mL/min in females. Maintaining a relatively constant GFR is essential for the kidneys to effectively regulate body fluid homeostasis and maintain extracellular stability.
GFR regulation involves two primary intrinsic controls: the myogenic and tubuloglomerular feedback mechanisms.
The myogenic...
5.9K
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Measurement of Serum Creatinine Concentration and Clearance01:25

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Measurement of Serum Creatinine Concentration and Clearance

371
In healthy individuals, serum creatinine levels remain stable due to a balance between its constant production—primarily from muscle metabolism—and renal excretion. Creatinine is freely filtered by the glomeruli, making it a valuable marker for estimating renal function. When the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreases, the kidneys can only eliminate less creatinine, causing serum levels to rise.Serum creatinine concentration is widely used to estimate creatinine clearance...
371
Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment01:17

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment

586
Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 29, 2026

A High-throughput Method for Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Conscious Mice
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Measuring GFR: a systematic review.

Inga Soveri1, Ulla B Berg2, Jonas Björk3

  • 1Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation
|May 21, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Accurate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measurement is crucial. Renal clearance of iothalamate and 51Cr-EDTA, along with plasma clearance of iohexol and 51Cr-EDTA, demonstrate sufficient accuracy for GFR measurement.

Keywords:
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)accuracyclearance markerglomerular filtration rate (GFR) measurementrenal function

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Diagnostic Accuracy
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • No comprehensive systematic review exists on GFR measurement accuracy using renal inulin clearance as a reference.
  • Accurate GFR measurement is vital for diagnosing and managing kidney disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the accuracy of various GFR measurement methods.
  • To compare index GFR measurements against the reference standard of renal inulin clearance.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional diagnostic studies.
  • Inclusion criteria: studies with at least 15 participants, index and reference measurements within 48 hours, and verified algorithms.
  • Index tests included endogenous creatinine clearance, various plasma/renal clearances (51Cr-EDTA, DTPA, iohexol, iothalamate, inulin).

Main Results:

  • Renal clearance of iothalamate showed sufficient accuracy (strong evidence).
  • Renal and plasma clearance of 51Cr-EDTA and plasma clearance of iohexol were sufficiently accurate (moderately strong evidence).
  • Endogenous creatinine clearance was found to be inaccurate (strong evidence).

Conclusions:

  • Renal clearance of 51Cr-EDTA or iothalamate, and plasma clearance of 51Cr-EDTA or iohexol, are sufficiently accurate GFR measurement methods.
  • Limitations include few, old, and small studies, potentially limiting generalizability.