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Working memory dysfunction in delusional disorders: an fMRI investigation.

Serap Oflaz1, Fatma Akyuz2, Andac Hamamci3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul School of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Millet Street, Capa 34390 Istanbul, Turkey.

Journal of Psychiatric Research
|May 21, 2014
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Summary

Patients with delusional disorder (DD) show altered brain activity in prefrontal, temporal, and limbic regions during working memory tasks. These findings highlight cognitive differences in DD compared to healthy individuals.

Keywords:
Delusional disorderWorking memoryfMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Delusional disorder (DD) is a rare psychiatric condition with limited research on its cognitive characteristics.
  • Working memory function in DD remains understudied, necessitating further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate alterations in brain activity during working memory tasks in patients with delusional disorder using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
  • To compare brain activation patterns between individuals with DD and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 9 patients with DD and 9 matched healthy controls.
  • Participants performed 0-back and 2-back tasks during fMRI scans.
  • DD diagnosis was confirmed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I.

Main Results:

  • Patients with DD exhibited reduced activation in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex compared to controls.
  • Increased neural activation was observed in the temporal gyrus (superior, middle, inferior), posterior cingulate gyrus, amygdala, and fusiform gyrus in patients with DD.
  • These differences were evident during working memory task performance.

Conclusions:

  • Delusional disorder is associated with functional brain alterations in prefrontal, temporal, and limbic regions, particularly during working memory tasks.
  • Findings suggest deficient functioning in temporal and limbic areas, consistent with prior research.
  • Prefrontal dysfunction in DD resembles patterns observed in schizophrenia.