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Resilience is associated with fatigue after mild traumatic brain injury
Heidi Losoi1, Minna Wäljas, Senni Turunen
1Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation (Mss Losoi, Wäljas, and Turunen and Drs Luoto, Rosti-Otajärvi, and Öhman), and Medical Imaging Center, Department of Radiology (Dr Brander), Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; University of Helsinki, Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Helsinki, Finland (Ms Losoi and Dr Julkunen); School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland (Mr Helminen); and Science Center, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland (Mr Helminen).
Objective:
To examine resilience as a predictor of change in self-reported fatigue after mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI).
Participants:
A consecutive series of 67 patients with MTBI and 34 orthopedic controls.
Design:
Prospective longitudinal study.
Main Measures:
Resilience Scale, Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition, and Pain subscale from Ruff Neurobehavioral Inventory 1 month after injury and Barrow Neurological Institute Fatigue Scale 1 and 6 months after injury.
Results:
Insomnia, pain, and depressive symptoms were significantly correlated with fatigue, but even when these variables were controlled for, resilience significantly predicted the change in fatigue from 1 to 6 months after MTBI. In patients with MTBI, the correlation between resilience and fatigue strengthened during follow-up. In controls, significant associations between resilience and fatigue were not found.
Conclusion:
Resilience is a significant predictor of decrease in self-reported fatigue following MTBI. Resilience seems to be a relevant factor to consider in the management of fatigue after MTBI along with the previously established associated factors (insomnia, pain, and depressive symptoms).