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Dietary patterns and cognitive function in Korean older adults.

Jihye Kim1, Areum Yu, Bo Youl Choi

  • 1Department of Clinical Nutrition, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Dongduk Women's University, 23-1 Wolgok-dong, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-714, Republic of Korea.

European Journal of Nutrition
|May 21, 2014
PubMed
Summary

A rice-centered diet lacking balanced meals may increase cognitive impairment risk in older adults. Conversely, a diet rich in bread, eggs, and dairy may reduce this risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Cognitive decline is a significant concern in aging populations.
  • Dietary habits play a crucial role in maintaining cognitive health.
  • Identifying specific dietary patterns associated with cognitive function is essential for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify major dietary patterns among older adults.
  • To investigate the association between these dietary patterns and cognitive function.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study using data from the Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort Study.
  • 806 participants aged 60 years and older.
  • Dietary intake assessed via quantitative food frequency questionnaire; cognitive function measured by Korean version Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-KC).

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  • Factor analysis (principal component analysis) identified dietary patterns; logistic regression analyzed associations.

    • Main Results:

    • Three dietary patterns emerged: "prudent," "bread, egg, and dairy," and "white rice only."
    • Higher "white rice only" pattern scores correlated with decreased MMSE-KC scores.
    • The "bread, egg, and dairy" pattern showed an inverse relationship with cognitive impairment risk.
    • The "white rice only" pattern was positively associated with cognitive impairment risk.

    Conclusions:

    • Specific dietary patterns are significantly linked to cognitive impairment in older adults.
    • A rice-centric diet lacking balanced meals may elevate cognitive impairment risk.
    • The "bread, egg, and dairy" pattern may offer protective effects against cognitive decline.
    • Cross-sectional design necessitates consideration of potential reverse causality.