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Increased arterial stiffness is closely associated with hyperglycemia and improved by glycemic control in diabetic

Junko Ibata1, Hideyuki Sasaki1, Tadashi Hanabusa1

  • 1First Department of Medicine Wakayama Medical University Wakayama Japan.

Journal of Diabetes Investigation
|May 21, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Hyperglycemia, a hallmark of diabetes mellitus (DM), significantly increases arterial stiffness, as measured by the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). Glycemic control in DM patients demonstrably improves CAVI, highlighting its role as a sensitive marker for arteriosclerosis.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Arteriosclerotic diseases are common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM).
  • The precise relationship between hyperglycemia and arterial stiffness remains unclear.
  • The cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) offers a novel method for assessing arterial stiffness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of hyperglycemia on arterial stiffness using CAVI.
  • To determine the factors associated with elevated CAVI in early-stage DM.
  • To evaluate the effect of glycemic improvement on arterial stiffness in DM patients.

Main Methods:

  • Compared CAVI in 52 early-stage DM patients versus 43 age-matched non-diabetic (NDM) subjects.
  • Assessed the association between CAVI and clinical factors, including HbA1c, hypertension, obesity, and dyslipidemia.
  • Monitored changes in CAVI during a 2-week hospitalization for hyperglycemia treatment and at 8 weeks post-discharge in 36 DM patients.

Main Results:

  • DM patients exhibited significantly higher CAVI than NDM subjects.
  • Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and age were significantly associated with elevated CAVI, independent of hypertension, obesity, or dyslipidemia.
  • Glycemic control led to significant improvements in CAVI and HbA1c, with CAVI improvement strongly correlating with HbA1c reduction.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated CAVI serves as a sensitive indicator of arteriosclerosis.
  • Arterial stiffness, as measured by CAVI, is closely linked to hyperglycemia.
  • Improving glycemic control in diabetic patients can effectively reduce arterial stiffness.
Abstract

Keywords:
Arterial stiffnessCardio‐ankle vascular indexGlycemic control

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